Saponification Value (SV)
Saponification Value (SV) testing is a key analytical parameter used in animal feed and feed ingredient analysis to assess the quality and characteristics of fats and oils. The saponification value represents the amount of alkali required to completely saponify the fat, indicating the average molecular weight (chain length) of the fatty acids present. This test is particularly useful for evaluating the suitability of fats and oils used as energy sources in animal feed formulations.
Methods:
IS 548 (Part 1): 1964
The saponification value test is based on the complete hydrolysis (saponification) of fats and oils by refluxing the sample with an excess of alcoholic potassium hydroxide (KOH). During this process, triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and potassium salts of fatty acids (soap). The unused excess KOH is then titrated against a standard acid solution. The saponification value is calculated and expressed as milligrams of KOH required to saponify one gram of fat or oil.
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